翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Commemorative coins of the Czech Republic ・ Commemorative coins of the Isle of Man ・ Commemorative coins of the Netherlands ・ Commemorative coins of the Soviet Union ・ Commemorative coins of the United Arab Emirates dirham ・ Commemorative coins of the United Kingdom ・ Commemorative Decoration of the 50th Anniversary of the Creation of the Railroads ・ Commemorative Medal for Advancing Latvia's Membership to NATO ・ Commemorative Medal for Armed Humanitarian Operations ・ Commemorative Medal for Foreign Operations or Missions ・ Commemorative Medal for the Centennial of Saskatchewan ・ Commemorative Medal for the Italo-Austrian War 1915–1918 ・ Commemorative Medal for the Italo-Turkish War 1911-1912 ・ Commemorative medal for voluntary service in Free France ・ Commemorative medal of the 1859 Italian Campaign ・ Commemorative medal of the 1860 China Expedition ・ Commemorative medal of the 1870–1871 War ・ Commemorative Medal of the 1914–1917 African Campaigns ・ Commemorative Medal of the 1940–1945 War ・ Commemorative medal of the Mexico Expedition ・ Commemorative Medal of the Partisans of 1941 ・ Commemorative Medal of the Reign of King Albert I ・ Commemorative Medal of the Reign of King Leopold II ・ Commemorative Medal of the Unity of Italy ・ Commemorative Medals for Army Marches ・ Commemorative plaque ・ Commemorative scarabs of Amenhotep III ・ Commemorative stamp ・ Commemorative stelae of Nahr el-Kalb ・ Commemorative Works Act Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Commemorative medal of the 1860 China Expedition ： ウィキペディア英語版 Commemorative medal of the 1860 China Expedition The Commemorative medal of the 1860 China Expedition ((フランス語:Médaille commémorative de l'expédition de Chine de 1860)) was a military award of the Second French Empire to reward soldiers and sailors who participated in the Anglo-French expedition to China, during the Second Opium War. It was created by imperial decree on 23 January 1861, by Napoleon III. ==History== The British Empire had been engaged in an ongoing conflict with the Qing Dynasty since 1856 over legalizing the opium trade, expanding coolie trade, opening all of China to British merchants, and exempting foreign imports from internal transit duties. Following the United Kingdom general election, 1857 the new parliament decided to seek redress from China based on the report about the ''Arrow'' Incident submitted by Harry Parkes, British Consul to Guangzhou. The French Empire, the United States, and the Russian Empire received requests from Britain to form an alliance. France joined the British action against China, prompted by the execution of a French missionary, Father August Chapdelaine ("Father Chapdelaine Incident"), by Chinese local authorities in Guangxi province.〔''A History of Christian Missions in China'' p.273 by Kenneth Scott Latourette: "A casus belli was found in an unfortunate incident which had occurred before the Arrow affair, the judicial murder of a French priest, Auguste Chapdelaine" ()〕 The conflict concluded with the 1858 Treaty of Tianjin finally ratified by the emperor's brother, Yixin, the Prince Gong, in the Convention of Peking on 18 October 1860. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Commemorative medal of the 1860 China Expedition」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.